Statements

Statements are parts of code that do something. This page lists all the types of statements and explains how they work.

Expression Statement

The expression statement is the simplest type of statement. It simply evaluates an expression and discards the result. It is used for expressions that have side effects, like function calls and assignments.

# Assume variable value is created before this
value = 1; # This is an expression statement

Block Statement

The block statement is used to group statements together and create a new scope. It consists of a list of statements surrounded by curly braces. The statements are executed in order. Read If, Else and Blocks for more information.

{
    var a = 1;
    var b = 2;
    a + b;
}

If and Else Statement

Read If, Else and Blocks for more information.

While, For, Foreach, Break and Continue Statements

Read Loops for more information.

Function Declaration and Return Statement

The return statement is used to return a value from a function. Functions declarations with a name are also statements. Read Functions for more information.

Variable Declarations

Variable declarations are also considered statements. Read Variables for more information.

Import Statement

The import statement is used to import other files as libraries. Each import statement executes the file on an empty object and then stores that object in a variable. This makes it easy to build libraries that declare functions.

By default, the library is assigned to a variable with the same name as the file. This is often impractical and leads to the need to use ' around names to access them. That's why you can include a name after the path to assign the library to a different variable.

import "namespace:path/to/file";
import "namespace:path/to/file" as name;

Apply Statement

The apply statement is something that's not as common in other language. Its syntax is similar to that of an if statement, but it behaves differently.

The apply statement takes in an object and executes the body (usually a block, but it can be any statement) with that object as the root.

var a = {b: 1};
apply (a) {
    $b; # This will return 1
}

Delete Statement

The delete statement is used to delete properties from objects, remove values from arrays and remove variables from the current scope. It takes in a reference and deletes the value it points to.

var a = {b: 1};
delete a.b; # This will delete the property b from a

var b = [1, 2, 3];
delete b[0]; # This will remove the first element from b

var c = 1;
delete c; # This will remove the variable c from the current scope

Unnecessary Semicolons

Sometimes it's useful to have a statement that does nothing. This can be done by using a single semicolon instead of a statement.

while (true); # This will loop forever

# You can also use an empty block, but that will have slightly 
# worse performance because it creates an empty block.
while (true) {}